In non-clinical toxicity studies for drug development, reduced food intake in experimental animals can lead to fluctuations in various toxicological parameters, complicating the distinction between drug toxicity and secondary effects of reduced food intake. This review examines the parameters that change due to food restriction in rats, dogs, and monkeys, and discusses the presumed mechanisms behind each parameter change. The parameters include standard toxicological evaluation parameters, such as body weight, blood chemistry, hematology, urinalysis, bone marrow cell analysis, organ weight, and histopathology. This review also highlights the differences in parameter changes across animal species and food restriction conditions, providing crucial insights for improving the quality of non-clinical toxicity studies and enhancing human translatability. The review underscores the need for a comprehensive analysis of these parameters to understand animal nutritional status within toxicity studies. This information can improve the reliability of toxicity evaluations.